게 불다

the wind blows hard; blow air

불다 is blowing, done either by the wind or by you. Four of these lines are wind with a strength word — 바람이 강하게 불었는데요, 바람이 심하게 분다, 바람이 세게 부니까, 바람 왜 이렇게 불어 — which is also how weather reports phrase it. The rest are a person blowing: inflating a balloon (풍선 막 크게 불다가) and puffing at something (후~ 이렇게 불었던 기억).

Register: neutral; includes weather reporting