-고 links the setup to the throw: 보고 던지다 is throwing while looking at the target (눈을 보고 던졌어요?), 잡고 던지다 is gripping it first, 힘을 좀 더 빼고 던져야 is taking some power off before releasing. 던지다 also works figuratively for tossing something out as bait, which is what 세미로 지목해볼까 하고 던졌어 does with a name.